The oldest mosaic technique is the cut technique.It precisely consists of cutting the mosaic material (natural stones or enamels)with the help of a special mosaic hammer (martheline) and of a  harotic fixed to a wooden log (hardie).The material is hit and split into small pieces , thus obtaining,so to speak,the “mosaic basic unit of  measurement” or the “the tessera”.The difficulty of this procedure varies according to the qualify of the material to be cut.As far as natural stones are concerned , it is necessary to follow their physical structure , in order to orienatet the cut in the right manner.Enamels, instead, have a basic glass composition and their split is generally more complex because it is more difficult to control the direction of the cut.In order to obtain a clean and linear  cut, the “tessera” must be held firmly and a single hard stroke must hit the surface.Often, in fact,and in the case of enamels, the cut may result in an irregular detachment.